Date of Award

4-2018

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Food Science

First Advisor

Afaf Kamal Eldin

Second Advisor

Isameldin B. Hashim

Third Advisor

Hilton Deeth

Abstract

Camel milk is important in the dry and arid lands because of its cultural, nutritional, and therapeutic properties. Milk proteins are known to be affected by various treatments including heating. The structure of proteins are known to change upon exposure to temperatures due to unfolding/folding and intra- and inter-molecular interactions. The aim of this thesis was to study the effect of various heating temperatures (60-130 °C) and times (0, 1, 10, and 30 min) on camel milk proteins. Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), free thiol groups, and hydroxymethylfurfural were used to observe the changes in proteins after the heat treatments. It was found that considerable changes in the proteins happen already during the first minute of heating. Camel whey proteins were more sensitive to heat than the caseins. As camel milk is devoid of β-Lacto globulin, the major whey protein is α-Lactalbumin. α-Lactalbumin showed an increase in intensity with heating, which was not reported before. This might be due to complexation with fatty acids and formation of Alpha-lactalbumin Made Lethal to Tumor cells (AMLETs). The free thiol content decreased while hydroxymethylfurfural increased with heating time and temperature.

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