Date of Award

4-2019

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Chemical Engineering (MSChE)

Department

Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

First Advisor

Basim Abu-Jdayil

Second Advisor

Abdel-Hamid Ismai Mourad

Abstract

This study is intended to investigate Khalas palm date pits extract as a green corrosion inhibitor alternative to commercial inhibitors. Inhibition efficiency of the obtained extract was investigated on carbon steel grade S355JR immersed in different corrosive mediums of 2 molarity hydrochloric acid (๐ป๐ถ๐‘™) solution and seawater solution. Along with other ingredients in palm date pits, Polyphenolic compounds have a significant anti-oxidation property and were found effective in reducing corrosion rate.

Due to its common industrial applications, Carbon steel was used in this investigation as the corroding medium, while 2M ๐ป๐ถ๐‘™ and seawater solutions were used separately as the corrosive mediums.

Soxhlet apparatus was utilized to continuously extract the palm date pits while minimizing waste of extraction solvents. N-hexane, as a non-polar solvent, was used for de-fatting the palm date pits. Separately, a mixture of polar solvents, includes methanol, acetone, water, and formic acid; was used in polar extraction process.

The corrosion rate in this work was measured and calculated based on the weight loss method as recommended by ASTM standards.

The results of this work illustrated that Khalas date pits extract is effective in reducing the corrosion rate of carbon steel in 2M ๐ป๐ถ๐‘™ acidic environments. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of 52% has been achieved for carbon steel grade S355JR with 8000 ppm of Khalas palm date pits solid extract, as an optimum concentration in 2M ๐ป๐ถ๐‘™ solution. In an identical corrosive medium, implementing Khalas palm date pits liquid extract has achieved 72% at 16000 ppm optimum concentration without changing the acidity of the corrosive medium.

When compared efficiency of Khalas palm date pits solid and liquid extracts, at optimum concentrations, with a commercial liquid passivating inhibitor (Corrshield NT4292) at the same concentrations, 79.9 - 80.7% higher inhibition efficiency was obtained with the liquid form of green inhibitor in the same acidic environment.

As a part of further investigation on the liquid form of extract, the effect of temperature on inhibition efficiency was also examined. The efficiency of Khalas date pits liquid extract was found to decrease with increasing the temperature of corrosive medium from 72.44% at 28.5 oC to 41.45% at 78 oC. The extractโ€™s optimum concentration was kept constant at 16000 ppm during this experiment.

On the other hand, Khalas palm date pits liquid extract was found to have higher corrosion inhibition efficiency in seawater solution (up to 99.5% at 24000 ppm concentration of extract) than in 2M ๐ป๐ถ๐‘™ solution.

Comments

ุชู‡ุฏู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู„ุจุญุซ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ููŠ ุชุซุจูŠุท ุงู„ุชุฃูƒู„ ูƒุจุฏูŠู„ ู„ู„ู…ุซุจุทุงุช ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ. ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชู… ุจุญุซ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ุนู„ู‰ ุชุซุจูŠุท ุชุฃูƒู„ ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุบู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ 2 ู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠูƒ ูˆ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ. ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ูุฅู† ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุจูˆู„ูŠ ููŠู†ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎูˆุงุต ู…ุถุงุถุฉ ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุฌุฏ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุฃู† ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุซุจูŠุท ู…ุนุฏู„ ุชุฃูƒู„ ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†.

ู†ุธุฑุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุชุดุงุฑู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ุชู… ุฅุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุนุฏู† ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† S355JR ูƒุนู†ุตุฑ ู…ุชุฃูƒู„ุŒ ูˆ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆู„ูŠูƒ ูˆ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ุงุก ุงู„ุจุญุฑุŒ ูƒู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏู‡ุŒ ูƒุฃูˆุณุงุท ู…ุณุจุจุฉ ู„ู„ุชุฃูƒู„.

ุชู… ุฅุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุฃุฏุงุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆูƒุณูˆู„ูŠุช ู„ู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ ู…ุน ุชู‚ู„ูŠุต ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุฑ ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฐูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…. ุฅุณุชุฎุฏู… ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒุณุงู†ุŒ ูƒู…ุฐูŠุจ ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุทุจูŠุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู‡ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต. ูˆ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุŒ ุชู… ุฅุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุฎู„ูŠุท ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฐูŠุจุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุทุจูŠุฉุŒ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุณูŠุชูˆู† ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทุฑ ูˆ ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูŠูƒุŒ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณุชุฎู„ุงุต ุงู„ู‚ุทุจูŠ.

ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู…ุนุฏู„ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ู…ูู‚ูˆุฏ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุชุฃูƒู„ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‚ุชุฑุญ ููŠ ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ .ASTM ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ูˆุถุญุช ุฃู† ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ูุนุงู„ ููŠ ุชุซุจูŠุท ุชุฃูƒู„ ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุบู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ 2 ู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠูƒ.

ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชุญู‚ู‚ุช ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ 52 % ู„ุชุซุจูŠุท ุงู„ุชุขูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงุฏุซ ู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† S355JR ููŠ ูˆุณุท ุญู…ุถูŠ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 2 ู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠูƒ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… 8000 ุฌุฒุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูƒุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุฃู…ุซู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุตู„ุจ. ูˆ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุณุท ุงู„ุญู…ุถูŠุŒ ูุฅู† ุฅุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ู‚ุฏ ุญู‚ู‚ ุชุซุจูŠุท ุงู„ุชุขูƒู„ ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 72 % ุนู†ุฏ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… 16000 ุฌุฒุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูƒุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุฃู…ุซู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ุŒ ูˆ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠุทุฑุฃ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงู…ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆุณุท. ูˆ ุจู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ุงู„ุตู„ุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ู…ุน ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุซุจุทุฉ ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ( 4292 (Corrshield NT ุนู†ุฏ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุŒ ุชู… ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู†ุณุจุชู‡ 79.9 % - 80.7 % ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆุณุท ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถูŠ.

ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชู…ุช ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุฅุฎุชู„ุงู ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ูˆุณุท ุงู„ุญู…ุถูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ููŠ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ุนุฏู„ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒู„ุŒ ุญูŠุซ ูˆุฌุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฅุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูŠุคุซุฑ ุนูƒุณูŠุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุงุนู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† 72.44 % ุนู†ุฏ ยบC 28.5 ุฅู„ู‰ 41.45 % ุนู†ุฏ 78ยบC ุŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญูุงุท ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุซุงุจุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ูˆ ู‡ูˆ 16000 ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู†. ุชู…ุช ู…ูุงุฑู†ุฉ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุต ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ููŠ ุฃูˆุณุงุท ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ุญูŠุซ ุชู… ุฅุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุชุฑุงูƒูŠุฒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ 2 ู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠูƒ ูˆ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ูุนุงู„ูŠุชู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ุงุก ุงู„ุจุญุฑุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ูˆุฌุฏ ุฃู† ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎู„ุต ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ุณุจุฉ 99.5 % ููŠ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ุงุก ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ 24000 ุฌุฒุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจู†ุณุจ 67 % - 72 % ููŠ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุญู…ุถ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠูƒ.

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