Date of Award

11-2023

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Clinical Psychology

Department

Clinical Psychology

First Advisor

Dr. Zahir Vally

Abstract

Literature reviews have revealed that there are limited studies on sleep quality in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and that few studies are available in the Middle Eastern region. The objective of this study was to examine the association between sleep quality and psychological distress among university students in the Middle East. A correlational cross-sectional design was determined, and a self-administered online questionnaire was used. The electronic survey was circulated amongst students on campus and received 435 responses from three universities namely, Menoufia University in Egypt, Sultan Qaboos University in the Sultanate of Oman, and United Arab Emirates University in the (UAE). The survey consisted of the Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) Arabic version to measure psychological distress. As a preliminary exploration, the SQS used in the study was translated into Arabic as the sample's native language is Arabic. The translated SQS value of Cronbach's alpha was (.814), indicating a moderate level of internal consistency. Sleep quality is complex as it consists of many factors. This study examined six factors of SQS: daytime dysfunction, restoration after sleep, difficulty in falling asleep, difficulty in getting up, satisfaction with sleep, and awakening during sleep. Moreover, it was hypothesised that Poor sleep quality will be positively associated with psychological distress in university students. The results of the study (p = .005), (r = .133) confirmed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between sleep quality and psychological distress among university students in the Middle East. In addition, all six factors were statistically significantly correlated with sleep quality. Furthermore, sex, age, and college enrollment had no significant difference in sleep quality. Finally, the prevalence of poor sleep quality among Arab university students and its association with psychological distress needs further research.

Arabic Abstract


دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم واﻟﻀﯿﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻟﺪى طﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ: دراﺳﺔ ارﺗﺒﺎطﯿﺔ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯿﺔ

ﻛﺸﻔﺖ اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ أن ھﻨﺎك دراﺳﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودة ﺣﻮل ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم ﻓﻲ دوﻟﺔ اﻹﻣﺎرات اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة، وﻗﻠﯿﻼً ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ. ﻛﺎن اﻟﮭﺪف ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﯿﯿﻢ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم واﻟﻀﯿﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻟﺪى طﻼب اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ. ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﻻرﺗﺒﺎطﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻌﯿﺔ واﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻌﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﻼب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺮم اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﻲ واﺳﺘﻼم 435 ﻣﺸﺎرك ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎت: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮﻓﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس ﻓﻲ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻋﻤﺎن وﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻹﻣﺎرات اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ﻓﻲ دوﻟﺔ اﻹﻣﺎرات. ﺗﻀﻤﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم (SQS) وﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻛﯿﺴﻠﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ (K10) ﻟﻘﯿﺎس اﻟﻀﯿﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ. وﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎره اﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎً أوﻟﻲ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ أن اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻷم ﻟﻠﻌﯿﻨﺔ ھﻲ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ. وأﺷﺎرت ﻗﯿﻤﺔ اﻷﻟﻔﺎ ﻛﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ إﻟﻰ (814.)، ﻣﻤﺎ دل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻣﻦ اﻻﺗﺴﺎق اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻲ. ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم ﻣﻌﻘﺪة ﻟﺘﻌﺪد ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﮭﺎ، وﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﻔﺤﺺ ﺳﺘﺔ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻟﺠﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم: اﻟﺨﻠﻞ اﻟﻮظﯿﻔﻲ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻨﮭﺎر، اﻟﺘﺠﺪد ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻨﻮم، ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ اﻟﻨﻮم، ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﯿﻘﺎظ، اﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻮم، واﻻﺳﺘﯿﻘﺎظ أﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﻨﻮم. ﻋﻼوة ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ، اﻓﺘﺮﺿﺖ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ أن ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم ﺳﺘﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ارﺗﺒﺎطﯿﺔ إﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻀﯿﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻟﺪى طﻼب اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ. أﻛﺪت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ (r = .133)، (p = .005) أن ھﻨﺎك ﻋﻼﻗﺔ إﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ ذات دﻻﻟﺔ إﺣﺼﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم واﻟﻀﯿﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻟﺪى طﻼب اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ. ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ، ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﺟﻤﯿﻌﮭﺎ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺎً وإﺣﺼﺎﺋﯿﺎً. ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﺔ أﺧﺮى، ﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺲ، اﻟﻌﻤﺮ واﻟﻜﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻓﺮﻗﺎً واﺿﺤ ً ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم. وأﺧﯿﺮاً، إن اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺳﻮء ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻨﻮم ﺑﯿﻦ طﻼب اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ وﻣﺎ ﯾﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺿﯿﻖ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﯾﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ.

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