Date of Award

2-2023

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Physics

Department

Physics

Abstract

Antiperovskites are the counterparts of perovskites. They have diverse properties that make them physically rich and technologically relevant. In the recent years, the alkaline earth based antiperovskites, especially the ones with small semiconductor bandgap, have captured tremendous attention due to their properties which make them efficient to be used in optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. In this thesis, we are shading light on the alkaline antiperovskite ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ due to its narrow bandgap. Thus, it can be considered as a promising candidate for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications. Specifically, it is used to harvest waste thermal energy into electricity at low temperature gradients. To investigate the efficiency of the ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ alloy as a thermoelectric material, an overall study on the various properties of this material has been done in this research. To unveil its properties, we relied on the density functional theory to do the computational work using Wien2k, VASP, and the Phonopy software. The study included the lattice dynamics, structural, elastic, electronic, thermodynamic, thermoelectric, and optical properties of the antiperovskite ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ alloy. The study revealed that ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ has a stable structure, it is a brittle material, and it is resistive to plastic deformation. It has a bandgap of 0.61 eV using HSE06 exchange correlation which reveals that it is a p-type semiconductor. It has low thermal conductivity, yet high Seebeck coefficient and relatively high electric conductivity which indicates that it has high value of figure of merit. The value of figure of merit has been calculated, and it goes higher ~1 as the temperature goes toward 1000K and the concentration of charge carries goes higher ~1020 ๐‘๐‘šโˆ’3. By studying the optical properties, it is revealed that the ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ antiperovskite alloy is active in the visible to the ultraviolet regions of the spectrum.

Arabic Abstract

ุชุนุชุจุฑ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุจุฑูˆูุณูƒุงูŠุช ู†ุธูŠุฑุงู‹ ู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุจูŠุฑูˆูุณูƒุงูŠุช ุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡ู…ุง ูŠุชุดุงุจู‡ุงู† ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ู„ูƒู† ูŠุฎุชู„ูุงู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ. ุญุธูŠุช ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุจุฑูˆูุณูƒุงูŠุช ุจุดู‡ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุณุนุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠ ุจุณุจุจ ุฎุตุงุฆุตู‡ุง ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ูŠุฒู‡ุง ุนู† ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ูˆุชุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆุถูˆุฆูŠุฉ. ุฅู† ุฃุญุฏ ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุจูŠุฑูˆูุณูƒุงูŠุชุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฑูƒุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู„ุฒุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฉ ุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ูุฌูˆุฉ ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุถุฆูŠู„ุฉ ุชุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ุชุตู†ู ู…ู† ุฃุดุจุงู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุตู„ุงุช. ุตุบุฑ ุณุนุฉ ูุฌูˆุฉ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ูŠุคู‡ู„ู‡ุง ู„ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆุถูˆุฆูŠุฉ. ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุญุซุŒ ุณู†ุณู„ุท ุงู„ุถูˆุก ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุจุฑูˆูุณูƒุงูŠุช ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘. ุจุณุจุจ ุงู…ุชู„ุงูƒู‡ ู„ูุฌูˆุฉ ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุถุฆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ู…ุคู‡ู„ุงู‹ ู„ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฏุฉ ูˆุชุญูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก. ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉุŒ ุชู…ุช ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุฎุตุงุฆุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดู…ู„: ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ุงู…ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ู…ุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ุงู…ูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ุจุตุฑูŠุฉ. ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠููŠุฉ ู„ู„ูƒุซุงูุฉ ุญุงุณูˆุจูŠุงุŒู‹ ุชู… ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ. ุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุฑู…ุฌูŠุงุช ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ VASPุŒ Wien2k ูˆ Phonopy. ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉุŒ ุชู… ุงู„ุชูˆุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุจู„ูˆุฑุฉ ๐ถ๐‘Ž3๐ต๐‘–๐‘ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ุณุชู‚ุฑุงู‹. ูƒู…ุง ูˆุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ุตู„ุจ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุดุง ู„ูƒู† ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุง ู„ุชุดูˆู‡ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ. ุชู… ุญุณุงุจ ูุฌูˆุฉ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุฏุงู„ุฉ HSE60 ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ eV 0.61 ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูƒุดู ุฃูŠุถุง ุนู† ูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุดุจู‡ ู…ูˆุตู„ p-type. ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุชู… ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูŠุชู…ุชุน ุจุชูˆุตูŠู„ ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ุถุฆูŠู„ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ ุนุงู„ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฑุฌุญ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒ ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ Figure of merit. ุฃูŠุถุงุŒู‹ ุชู… ุญุณุงุจ ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุจูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุญุงู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุดุญู†ุงุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 1020cm-3 ูˆุชุฒูŠุฏ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ 1000K. ุชู… ุฃูŠุถุง ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุฎุตุงุฆุต ุงู„ุจุตุฑูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูƒุดู ุนู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ู†ุดุท ููŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุถูˆุก ุงู„ู…ุฑุฆูŠ ูˆููˆู‚ ุงู„ุจู†ูุณุฌูŠ.

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